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The article reveals the contents of the reconstructive type of economic development as a unity of introverted, inclusive and innovative development, aimed at resolving the internal domestic problems of the country by means of a radical restructuring of the economy, changing its supporting structures and engaging its internal potential in a reflexive interaction with the environment for the welfare of citizens and social justice. The author defines the identity and difference between modernization and reconstruction of the economy, and justifies the need to consider the relationship between qualitative and quantitative characteristics of economic reforms, and the possibility of destructive growth and growth without development. It is shown that the reconstructive development is possible both on the basis of economic growth, and under certain conditions with zero or even negative economic growth. It is proved that the reconstructive development is essentially a socially-oriented phenomenon. The author proposes to use the laws of architectonics to evaluate the justice of economic development and formulates the guidelines of reconstructive development.

Keywords:reconstructive economic development, economic growth, introverted development, inclu-sive development, laws of architectonics, social justice.

The author shows that digital development is an integral part of a more general process of transi-tion from the industrial-market to the information-network economy and formation of a reconstruc-tive type of development. The essence of the digital economy as a system of economic relations related to production, distribution, exchange and consumption of goods is determined on the basis of the use of digital technologies based on a discrete coding system of information processing and transmission. It is shown that the development of digital technologies is correlated with the structure of human thinking.
Based on determining the reflection interaction in the triad of "subject-object-activity", the author reveals the structure of digital development, and justifies the interpretation of the virtual as an exte-riorized ideal transformed into an external process, which acts as a reality in relation to human consciousness. The development of digital technologies forms a whole world of the virtual, which exists alongside and in conjunction with the real one, resulting in the world becoming hybrid. The contradictory relationship between digitalization, capitalization and socialization is shown and the challenges of society arising in the process of digital development are clarified. The emphasis is placed on the importance of forming digital competences and ensuring a proper social quality of the development.

Keywords:digital development, digital economy, digital technologies, digitalization, capitalization, socialization, the virtual, the real, hybrid world

The author shows that digital development is an integral part of a more general process of transition from the industrial-market to the information-network economy and formation of a reconstructive type of development. The essence of the digital economy as a system of economic relations related to production, distribution, exchange and consumption of goods is determined on the basis of the use of digital technologies based on a discrete coding system of information processing and transmission. It is shown that the development of digital technologies is correlated with the structure of human thinking.

Based on determining the reflection interaction in the triad of \"subject-object-activity\", the author reveals the structure of digital development, and justifies the interpretation of the virtual as an exteriorized ideal transformed into an external process, which acts as a reality in relation to human consciousness. The development of digital technologies forms a whole world of the virtual, which exists alongside and in conjunction with the real one, resulting in the world becoming hybrid. The contradictory relationship between digitalization, capitalization and socialization is shown and the challenges of society arising in the process of digital development are clarified. The emphasis is placed on the importance of forming digital competences and ensuring a proper social quality of the development.

Keywords:digital development, digital economy, digital technologies, digitalization, capitalization, socialization, the virtual, the real, hybrid world

The article reveals the logical and historical grounds of the Grzegorz W. Kolodko’s approach to the interpretation of the phenomenon of China building socialism with Chinese characteristics and developing capitalist relations. Reality goes beyond the dilemma of "socialism or capitalism" and represents something third, having an independent meaning. It is shown that the starting point for the emergence of society and man is a jointly-divided labor whose two sides (jointness and separation) while historically evolving, are embodied on the side of separation in the market economy and capitalism, and on the side of jointness in the state and socialism. On this basis, there arises a confrontation between two opposing systems: capitalism and socialism. The subsequent historical progress turns capitalization and socialization into two complementary processes of the development of society, which are no longer adequate to describe in terms of the two systems. A certain third entity emerges. This proves that "Tertium Datur" by Grzegorz W. Kolodko has not only practical importance, but also deep logical and historical grounds.

Keywords: capitalism, socialism, jointly divided labor, state, market economy, Kolodko, China

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The article considers the features of contemporary inflation, which are difficult to explain within the framework of well-known theories. We used the authors’ CMI-model of economic cycles to explain the phenomena of low inflation in the US economy and relatively low economic growth under the record high employment during 2008-2019. In this model, the aggregate money supply M2 is divided in two parts: 1) neutral (that does not affect the growth rate) and 2) non-neutral (that affects the growth rate). We proved empirically that the implementation of the "quantitative easing" monetary policy through the financial markets (to reduce the short- and long-term interest rates) has little effect on the economic growth rate, but mainly causes the growth of the stock markets, which absorb neutral money supply, holding back the inflation process. However, this policy may cause a financial bubble in the stock markets and increases the probability of a significant correction in the value of financial assets in the case of a new recession. We evaluated the outlooks of the beginning of a new recession in the US economy that can cause a new recession in Ukrainian economy as well. The positive effect from the “quantitative easing” monetary policy is a record duration (for the entire history of observations) of the US recovery that contributed to the record low unemployment. The negative effects of this policy include the least (for the last 50 years) average economic growth rates during the recovery and relatively low level of labor productivity since 2010. At the same time, the existence of developed financial markets and stimuli for investments in financial assets may serve as an effective instrument to hold back the inflation. Therefore, any contributing from all regulators in development of financial markets would be also useful for Ukraine.

Keywords:inflation, business cycle, financial market, monetary policy, (non)neutral money, recession, growth rate, financial index.

The article shows the place of digitalization in the natural transition from the in-dustrial-market to the information-network economy. The authors clarify the struc-ture of relations that determine the mechanism of interaction of technical and technological processes of digitalization and socio-economic relations, and note the complexity of the reflexive interaction of the technical, technological and so-cio-economic components of societal development. The objective foundations and modern features of the processes of dissemination of information, communi-cation and digital technologies, manifested at the societal level, are revealed. The dualistic nature of digitalization development is revealed: the introduction of the latest technologies not only opens up additional opportunities for business, gov-ernments and people, but also generates significant problems, challenges and risks, forming the so-called "digital gap". It is emphasized that in the social di-mension, the most characteristic of such gaps is the difference in opportunities for access to digital technologies, which potentially leads to unfair distribution of benefits and increased inequality in society. The main social risks caused by the processes of digitalization at the micro and macro levels are identified. The dy-namics of digitalization processes and their impact on social development in a global and national context are comprehensively characterized. Shown various national management strategies, formulated as responses to the challenges of digital development and with a focus on minimizing the social risks associated with them. The modern approaches of the European Union to regulating the im-pact of digitalization on social development and employment are revealed, includ-ing those related to the adoption in 2010 of the Digital Agenda for Europe, the construction of the European Digital Single Market and the implementation of the European Gigabit Society Strategy until 2025. Proposed a few corrections in the mechanisms of Ukraine’s national policy regarding the anticipation and regulation of the social consequences of digitalization, in particular, in the context of the Strategy for the digital transformation of the social sphere of Ukraine presented in September 2020.

Keywords:information-network economy, digitalization, social development, social risks, government policy

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The article reveals the methodological approaches in the research on the contradictions of globalization and localization, their movement at different stages of the devel-opment of society and their modern manifestations. It is found that the cell from which these contradictions grow in history is jointly divided labor. Jointness in the process of historical development reaches its limit in globalization, and division - in localization. Before the age of great geographical discoveries and the emergence of the global market, the contradictions of globalization and localization existed implicitly, and then they took an explicit form and passed through the three following stages: development through international trade, development through the globalization of capital, and de-velopment by moving globalization mainly into virtual space. The author shows the diversity of forms of solving the contradictions of globalization and localization. Among them, the change of world order, hybrid war and reconstructive post-war recovery are identified and revealed. The main contradiction of modern times is found to be the contradiction between globalization, which develops due to informational and financial technologies, and the localization of material and labor resources, which cannot move in space at the speed of information and financial flows. The author clarifies peculiarities in the manifestation and settlement of the contradictions of globalization and local-ization in Ukraine, in whose space the global contradictions of the main global players are presently localized. The article shows the need for reconstructive recovery for Ukraine based on this country’s nationally rooted development.

Keywords:globalization, localization, contradictions, world order, hybrid system "peace-war", nationally rooted development

The article reveals the concept of societal in the political-economic discourse, and shows its connection with the relevant philosophical and sociological vision. It is argued that the current Russian-Ukrainian war has clear signs of a modern hybrid war, which is generated by the globallocal hybrid system of "peace – war" and combines a whole range of means, from military-political and economic to cybernetic and cultural and humanitarian ones. Based on the combination of political-economic and sociological discourses in a broad sense, it is substantiated that the main components of the hybrid system "peace – war" from the point of view of the transformation of social relations are: armedmilitary, financial-economic, and informational-spiritual components, which cause a comprehensive impact on people’s worldview, positioning and behav-ior, which leads to significant societal consequences.
The authors give various characteristics of the institutional dimension of the war’s societal consequences. Theoretically, the phenomenon of emergent institutional order is taken as the basis for considering the institutional dimension of the societal consequences caused by the hybrid war. It is revealed that in the martial law conditions, the role of the trust institution is growing (the trust institution is considered as a defining and integral construct of the socio-economic system’s institutional architecture, embod-ied both in trust in the state and power structures, and in trust in new institutions created by the hybrid war (volunteers and various forms of amateur civil movements)).
The authors show that in the context of societal development in the conditions of war shocks and post-war recovery of Ukraine, the quality of institutions and the state’s institutional potential play an extremely important role. Analysis of the societal conse-quences of the Russian Federation’s invasion in Ukraine in the institutional dimension shows the need to overcome the key institutional destructions generated both in the previous period and during the war. Also, it is necessary to create an institutional basis for a new economic model focused on ensuring a combination of Ukrainian effective reconstructive recovery in the post-war period and its full integration into the European Union and the world space.

Keywords:societal system, hybrid threats, institutions, military shocks, reconstructive economic recovery